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Jonathan Israel: Democratic Enlightenment. Philosophy, Revolution, and Human Rights 1750-1790

1: Introduction
Part I: The Radical Challenge
2: Nature and Providence: Earthquakes and the Human Condition
3: The Encyclopédie Suppressed (1752-60)
4: Rousseau against the Philosophes
5: Voltaire, Enlightenment and the European Courts
6: Anti-Philosophes
7: Central Europe: Aufklärung divided
Part II: Rationalizing the Ancien Régime
8: Hume, Scepticism, and Moderation
9: Scottish Enlightenment and Man's Progress
10: Enlightened Despotism
11: Aufklärung and the Fracturing of German Protestant Culture
12: Catholic Enlightenment: the Papacy's Retreat
13: Society and the Rise of the Italian revolutionary Enlightenment
14: Spain and the Challenge of Reform
Part III: Europe and the Re-Making of the World
15: The Histoire Philosophique, or Colonialism Overturned
16: The American Revolution
17: Europe and the Amerindians
18: Philosophy and Revolt in Ibero-America (1765-92)
19: Commercial Despotism: Dutch Colonialism in Asia
20: China, Japan, and the West
21: India and the Two Enlightenments
22: Russia's Greeks, Poles, and Serfs
Part IV: Spinoza Controversies in the Later Enlightenment
23: Rousseau, Spinoza and the 'General Will'
24: Radical Break-Through
25: The Pantheismusstreit (1780-87)
26: Kant and the Radical Challenge
27: Goethe, Schiller and the new "Dutch Revolt against Spain"
Part V: Revolution
28: 1788-9: the "General Revolution" begins
29: The Diffusion
30: 'Philosophy' as the Maker of Revolutions
31: Aufklärung and the Secret Societies (1776-92)
32: Small State Revolution in the 1780s
33: The Dutch Democratic Revolution of the 1780s
34: The French Revolution: from 'Philosophy' to Basic Human Rights (1788-90)
35: Epilogue: 1789 as an Intellectual Revolution

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